The month of May brought the largest number of visitors to date for Money Smart Life!  Many of those visitors came from sites in the the Money Writers and Money Blog networks whom you are familiar with via my weekly mentions.

I also wanted to say thanks to 10 other personal finance sites that sent over the most visitors by recommending an article on Money Smart Life.  I’ve listed each site and a recent article you might find interesting:

US News World Report (Kimberly Palmer) – Six Ways to Save Money on Vacation

MSN Money Blog (Donna Freedman) – Why is it so Easy to Throw Things Away?

The Simple Dollar – Financial Independence as a Goal

Frugal Dad – Used Car Buying for Teenagers

My Two Dollars – 29 Free or Low Cost Ways To Save Energy & Money

Frugal for Life – Slowing Down Takes Time

Not Made of Money – Four Tips to Saving Money on Home Improvement

Money Under 30 – How I Organize My Financial Records

Moolamy – Carnival of Personal Finance – Family Edition

Frugal Law Student – Save Time & Money by Working Out

You may or may not have heard the term ?ethical will?. But, for those who care about making their values and ethics part of their legacy, it is a tool to consider when planning your estate.

Unlike a ?last will and testament?, which provides for the distribution of a person?s material assets, or a ?living will?, which contains instructions for how you want to be treated medically at the end of your days, an ?ethical will? is designed to let someone preserve and share their values, principles and beliefs for heirs and future generations, though it?s not legally binding.

According to Personal Legacy Advisors? Web site, an ethical will is a letter that transmits the non-material assets that are also of great importance: your values, your story, the lessons life has taught you and the other information that is too valuable to risk being lost. Your ethical will is the tool that enables you to address the question, ?What do I want my loved ones to know??

As a concept, ethical wills are not new. The first written reference to ethical wills occurs in both the Hebrew and Christian Bibles. Examples are Genesis, chapter 49, and The Book of John, chapters 15-18. Over time, they evolved into written documents. While ethical wills were traditionally shared after death, along with the reading of an individual?s last will and testament, today they are often shared during the author?s life.

While exact figures aren?t available for how many people are writing ethical wills, they are on the rise, based on increased Web activity and sales of ethical will resources. They have gained impetus particularly in the wake of tragedies like the September 11 terrorist attacks.

Why create one? People are inclined to write an ethical will when facing a challenging event, or at a turning point in life. Some examples are facing the loss of a loved one, birth of a grandchild, expectant parents, becoming an empty-nester or approaching the end of life. Other reasons to create an ethical will include:

• Your reflections will confirm what?s important and renew appreciation of your life to date
• You will create a personal message to those you love, of priceless value in the event of your absence
• If you do not tell your personal (and family) stories, they may be lost forever
• Your material assets can be given within a personal context
• You will mitigate confusion and hurt feelings with a personal explanation of potentially controversial elements of your legal will
• Your spirit will be expressed on paper, living beyond you in a timeless way
• Your words will link the past, present and future generations of your family
• You will enjoy peace of mind knowing the most important things will have been said.

Pros and cons. The pros of an ethical include having an opportunity to influence future generations. Through the process of writing an ethical will, the writer can gain self-knowledge and come to an understanding of what?s most important to him or her. This is valuable information not only for their families but their professional advisers as well. Another pro is that ethical wills are private documents. Unlike a will, which if admitted to probate will become a matter of public record, an ethical will is a private communication and will not be made public unless the author (or recipient) so desires. The con is that an ethical will is not enforceable in a court of law. Those who want to provide specific instructions, such as who is to receive which asset or how assets are to be distributed and under what conditions, would need to put the instruction in a will or trust.

Setting up an ethical will. Ethical wills come in a variety of forms, from a short letter to a lengthy autobiographical statement, from an audio-recorded message to a bound album. There are three basic ways to create an ethical will.

1. Begin with an outline and list of suggestions. Once you?ve created a rough draft, you can review and personalize it as much as you wish.
2. Begin with guided writing exercises. For example, start with phrases such as ?From my grandparents, I learned?? or ?I am most grateful for??
3. Begin with a blank sheet of paper and write down whatever is relevant about your thoughts, experiences and feelings. This is an open-ended approach. Eventually you should be able to create a comfortable structure for your ethical will. For one-on-one help, an organization like the Association of Personal Historians may be of assistance.

Other tips from Personal Legacy Advisors include the following:

• Start today: If you were not here tomorrow, what is the most important thing you would not want left unsaid? Write it down - now you’ve begun
• Relax: You are not trying to write for the Pulitzer Prize. The letter is a gift of yourself, written for those you love
• Ask yourself: What do I want to make sure my loved ones know and have in writing
• Take it topic by topic: Don’t try to write it all at once
• Be yourself: You cannot bequeath what you never owned to begin with
• Be careful, be loving. The reach of this letter is unknowable.

Sharing your will. It?s a good idea to share your ethical will not only with family and friends, but also with your financial adviser and attorney. Knowing what you value and what?s important to you will help them to develop a personalized plan that can help you to leverage your values in the future.

An ethical will speaks to one?s posterity or descendants long after the legal will has been probated and forgotten. Of note, an ethical will is a dynamic document. Just as a will or living trust document needs to be revisited so does an ethical will, because events occur in ones’ life that have an impact on ones’ value systems.

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First, a small disclaimer:  I’m not a big movie-watcher myself.  I’ll take in a movie maybe every two months, possibly less often than that.  This includes trips to the theater and rentals.  As such, I don’t spend a lot on movies, anyway.

Over the next few years, taking in a flick with friends and family will be an affordable substitute for a vacation.  It’s just plain cheaper.  The good news for people who really love movies is that it’s possible to get by pretty cheaply, and if you downsize other areas appropriately it won’t strain the budget that much at all.

So, here are some tips for you movie buffs on how to maximize your cinematic dollar:

• Really pick and choose which movies you see in the theater. One group of movies that might make the cut are ones that absolutely depend on special effects and the latest, greatest sound equipment.  Another group would be movies that might take a really long time to get onto video.  The main point is that going to the theater is the most expensive option for watching a movie, so choose wisely.  There’s the time and gas to get out there, as well as the fact that you only get to see it once for your money.
• Take in a matinee if you can. Some theaters offer off-peak showings at a discount to the price of nighttime showings.  The movie is the same.
• Stay away from the concessions if you can. The movie theater makes its money on the concessions.  Fountain drinks have a markup of a few thousand percent.  Same with popcorn.  A movie theater that lets you bring in your own concessions is a hidden gem; if you can, take advantage of that.
• Stay away from giving to causes before the movie. Movie theaters play off attendee’s emotions.  They have a movie screen at their disposal to play carefully-designed clips that encourage you (guilt you?) to give right there.  If you do, the movie theater writes off your donation, not you.  If you itemize, and give what you would have given directly to the charity, you can write it off (assuming you’re allowed to do so).
• Look into packs of tickets to see if there’s a price differential. Costco.com offers movie ticket packs for four different movie theater networks.  Check to see what network your favorite movie theater is in, and check the price of the tickets in the pack compared with your movie theater’s prices.  (Or, you can of course check for movie tickets on eBay!)
• See if you can get a group together. For example, our church got a bunch of people to see Fireproof this year, and I believe that they got a small discount.  Every little bit helps.

• For the movies that really don’t need to be seen immediately or ones where the big screen doesn’t matter, watch it at home! It’s way cheaper.  You can buy your soda and candy at the grocery store, and eat it during the movie without feeling like you have contraband.  Popcorn is way cheaper and healthier.  We use a Nordic Ware microwave popcorn popping bowl and it does a good job without needing any oil.  A bag of kernels costs a couple of bucks and could provide popcorn for a couple dozen people.
• Like to watch a lot of movies and want a lot to choose from? Netflix is probably your best choice.  They have over 100,000 titles to choose from.  They pay for shipping both ways, and you can cancel at any time.  There are instant downloads available each month as well.  My parents-in-law have a Netflix subscription and they absolutely love it.
• Are you looking to start or expand a collection? Well, good news!  Lots of people are looking to get rid of their collection or decrease the size of it.  There’s nothing wrong with pre-viewed DVDs (unless they’re absolutely trashed).  People routinely sell their personal DVD collections on eBay, and bidding on these is brisk.  More often than not they will list every single movie right in the auction, so you’ll know exactly what you’re going to get.  A fair price point for collections is less than half of what you can get them for in WalMart’s dig-through-the-box specials.
• What if you’re like me and don’t watch movies often at all? Like I mentioned above, I watch only a few movies a year.  A Netflix subscription would be overkill for me.  If you’re a casual viewer, then it’s easier to find good deals in low quantities because the urgency really isn’t there.
• Pawn shops, thrift stores, and garage sales are good places to pick up one or two cheap movies. Three bucks is a good price point.  If you run across something that looks interesting, pick it up.
• Redbox works well, too. I had a good experience with Redbox when I rented Expelled.  It was a very easy process, and the rental was a buck for one night for a movie that was released this year.
• Don’t forget free! There are options for free movies, of course.  Your local library might have a collection.  Your church might.  Hulu.com has a fairly decent free movie selection.  You could borrow one from a friend, or wait until it comes out on network television.

There are two components to each transaction: compensation and risk. While many investment bankers and business owners tend to focus almost solely on compensation, PLG Advisory Group gives equal consideration to the risk associated with each transaction.

There are three primary areas of risk:

(1) Known risks, for example the liabilities set forth on the company's balance sheet, or known regulatory risk;
(2) Unknown risks, for example, unanticipated employee or customer lawsuits; and
(3) Transactional risk, which is the risk that the transaction will be litigated, either prior to or after a closing.

How do small business owners view risk in a business transaction: is price or the reduction of risk the most important component of a M&A transaction?

Do you cram your holiday shopping on Christmas Eve? If you’re a holiday procrastinator, maybe these simple, convenient, last minute gift ideas and shopping tips will take some of the pressure away.

I, Procrastinator

“Procrastinator” should have been my middle name. I’ve always thought that anything worth doing is worth doing well — tomorrow. Or maybe the day after. I blame my dad, to be honest. As soon as I was old enough to use the pointy scissors, it became an annual tradition for my dad to drag me out after dinner on Christmas Eve to do his Christmas shopping for my mother. This usually took a few hours and involved a fair amount of money, as there was no real plan. Then after she went to bed for the night, Dad would boost all of the packages through my bedroom window, and I’d spend a couple of hours wrapping everything and getting it all under the tree. He paid me $0.25 per package, which I then spent on New Kids on the Block trading cards .

Similarly, now that I’m all grown up, I find myself putting off holiday shopping and spending too much at the last minute because I’m desperate for a gift. I recognize that this is not a good habit and vow each year to mend my ways, but I’ve found that the rate of recidivism when it comes to procrastination is quite high. Oh sure, I do the easy stuff early in the season: the spousal unit always needs new socks and underwear, Mom looks forward to the annual box of See’s candy, etc., etc. The tougher things, thoughtful gifts, are the ones I put off buying.

I’ve come to realize that procrastinating is silly — good gifts don’t need to take a whole lot of effort (or money). For instance, my friend loves snowman ornaments. She also likes to be pampered but doesn’t like to spend money on herself. But instead of searching for and spending too much on the perfect snowman decor, I head over to the salon we both use and pick up a gift certificate for a mid-winter pedicure. She loves getting her scaly winter feet prettied up, even if they spend all of their time in winter boots or fuzzy slippers. See? Easy, no more expensive than the ornament, and interpreted by the recipient as thoughtful. Trifecta!

Last Minute Gift Ideas For Those Who’ve Run Out Of Ideas

Not sure what to get? Here are a few more shopping tips as well as holiday gift ideas that may be convenient, simple enough and good for last minute scrambles, but I believe they’ll make even the biggest procrastinators look pretty good (yes, this list is “gift card heavy”):

• Keep a few basics on hand. There happens to be a fairly large Amish population in my area, and they make and sell beautiful hand woven baskets of all shapes and sizes. I’ve always got a few of these baskets stashed in a closet, and can quickly pick up nuts, cheeses, jams (sometimes also Amish made), candies, wine, etc. Load the goodies into a basket, wrap the basket in cellophane, tie a pretty seasonal ribbon around the top and, ta-da! Insta-gift.
• AAA Membership: Got a friend that drives a clunker? How about a loved one that just has a long daily commute? An annual membership to AAA might save them some enormous headaches, not to mention a lot of money, in the event of a breakdown.
• Wine Club: Does your mom enjoy a glass of wine with dinner? Sign her up for a wine club. Wine.com offers clubs starting at 3-months and $89. Just select reds or whites and you’re on your way. Or perhaps this will do: a wine basket from what else but Winebasket.com, with 5% off your order above any additional discounts you get from items on sale!
• Gift Cards/Certificates: I’m a little tired of hearing people say that you’re “cheating” when you pick up gift cards for those on your list. I disagree with the notion that these aren’t thoughtful gifts — some of the best things I’ve received were made possible through such cards! Actually, I’m always thrilled when someone who knows I’m a reader gives me a Barnes & Noble gift card. And, like the friend I mentioned above, these cards are a good way to treat someone to something that they like but might not otherwise buy for themselves.

  On the plus side, they are easy and convenient gift choices; the downside, however, is that your gift recipient will know how much you’ve spent on them. Or worse, the cards or certificates may go unused, if forgotten. But if you do decide to go this route, then just make sure that what you purchase doesn’t have an expiration date or fees for non-use.

  Some great places that offer general gift cards or certificates?

  • Try GiftCertificates.com, which provide e-gift cards that are redeemable online.
  • You can also pick up cards from the big e-tailers such as Buy.com and Amazon.com.

  I’ve listed more sources for these items below.

• News and Magazine Subscriptions: Every year, my dad renews my husband’s “Sports Illustrated” subscription, and my husband renews my dad’s Wall Street Journal subscription. Everyone drinks some eggnog and goes home happy.
• Entertainment Subscriptions and Gift Cards: One of the easier gifts to give out are those relating to some form of entertainment or another. I’m sure you know more than a few couch potatoes, game enthusiasts and music aficionados who’ll appreciate a subscription, gift card or access to Blockbuster, Gamefly or eMusic respectively! And if you’ve got a frugal aunt (like, who doesn’t? ), maybe the 2009 Entertainment Book will thrill them with its countless discounts for almost everything under the sun.
• Fancy Food for Cheaper? Well, we all have to eat right? You don’t have to be a gourmand to enjoy the gift of a pleasant meal from your choice restaurant. And one of the most affordable gift ideas I’ve come across, which I’m thinking of picking up for several people on my list is a gift certificate to Restaurant.com. In the past, I’ve been presented with a Home Bistro gift certificate, but I’ll be honest and say that I wasn’t too impressed by the meals I’ve received from them. But who knows? That was a few years ago, so maybe things have gotten better since then.
• Gift Cards for the Work at Home Type: Those who want to beef up their home offices or who enjoy gadgets and electronics may love a gift card from Sony’s e-store.
• Beauty and Wellness: A gift that pampers and beautifies will be very apropos for any lady who’d love to look and feel better. Maybe a nice scent or some bath, body and face products from FragranceX or SkinStore.com will tickle her fancy! And since fragrances and beauty products are personal, a gift card is a practical choice.

Once again this year, I vow not to procrastinate when it comes to holiday shopping. But even if I do, I hope not to rack my brain over what presents to give, given how much easier today’s retailers and e-tailers are making it for us to get our shopping done.

At any rate, I’ve started my list already using some of the ideas above, and plan to finish my shopping by December 1. If all goes well, I’ll be able to spend the days leading up to the holidays enjoying my friends and family (and all the holiday food and drinks!), and not panicking about what I’m going to get for whom.

 
SVB’s POV: Thanks to Emiley Thacker for sharing her thoughts with us in this article. As far as I know, there are no Amish communities around where I live .

This is a post from The Digerati Life.

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With the whole mortgage meltdown and ensuing credit crisis, there is plenty of blame to go around. Even with shady lenders, complex loans, and loose lending requirements, most of this could have been avoided if people took the time to read, and more importantly, understand what they were signing. Most people simply don’t want to spend the time to sit there and read all of the fine print and those who do actually read it may not fully understand everything.

Don’t Be Embarrassed if You Don’t Understand

When someone explains something technical or difficult to grasp and then asks, “Do you understand?”, the response is typically “yes.” Either it is because you want to get through the process quickly, you don’t think it is very important, or you don’t want to feel embarrassed that you don’t understand a concept. This could end up being a costly mistake. If you don’t understand something or if you see conflicting information, it is in your best interest to stop and ask questions. It’s much easier to take a moment before signing to get clarification than to learn the hard way at some point in the future.

Information Included in the Fine Print

Most people are concerned with a few key areas of a loan such interest rate and length of the loan, but it is within the fine print of the promissory note or security agreement that contains the information that can really cost you money. The most common information included throughout the text will include:

• The promise you make to pay the lender a certain amount of money plus the agreed to interest rate.
• Whether the interest rate is fixed or variable — if variable, when does the rate change and by how much.
• The payment schedule.
• Charges for late payments.
• Any applicable grace period.
• If the loan can be paid off early and if any penalties are incurred for doing so.
• Whether or not security or collateral is required.
• Whether or not the loan can be extended.
• What happens if you default.
• What happens if you pay with a bad check.
• Can the lender take money from other accounts you may have with them to repay the loan.
• Who pays legal fees and collection costs.

Don’t Sign Anything Until You Completely Understand

While it pays to make sure you get a good interest rate with good terms, it is equally important to make sure you understand everything about the loan even if you don’t think it will ever apply to you. You have nobody to blame but yourself if you make a late payment and find out there is a $40 late fee. It would come as no surprise if you took the time to understand what you agreed to. In the event of a problem with your account, ignorance is not a defense. It may seem like a waste of time to spend an extra ten or fifteen minutes to read multiple pages of small text, but it could end up saving you money or problems somewhere down the line.

And finally, don’t feel pressured by the person sitting across the table who’s urging you to sign. Not everyone is out there trying to trick you into a shady loan, but you shouldn’t feel rushed if they are just trying to quickly get you through the process. They can wait, and you should take as much time as you need. If they brush off certain sections saying it isn’t important, just explain that you want to take a moment to look it over. A couple extra minutes will ensure that you aren’t missing some key terms on the loan and help you completely understand what to expect, and what the consequences will be if something goes wrong.

Read the Fine Print Before Signing Any Loan - You Might be Surprised at What’s in There

Well, it’s been a while since I’ve had the time to post a weekly recap, but I’m bringing it back today. Given the market conditions over the past few weeks, my job has become incredibly difficult, and the last thing I want to do when I get home is to read about, or talk about finance. But, I had some time at a remote location earlier this week which meant sitting in a hotel room by myself with only a few channels on TV, so I had some time to get caught up on everything and see what everyone is talking about these days.

And since tomorrow is going to be the biggest day for college football in many years, the last thing I’ll be thinking about tomorrow is finance or the economy. I need my Spartans to pull off something special and beat Penn State. Then, in a bittersweet turn of events, to clinch a Rose Bowl spot we need our sworn enemies, the Wolverines to upset Ohio State. I’m a bit torn, because I’d like to see the Buckeyes tear Michigan apart, but considering we haven’t been to the rose bowl since 1987, obviously that would be quite special. Of course, odds aren’t in your favor anyway when you need to beat one of the top teams in the nation, and you need one of the worst teams to upset another great team. But, it makes for an exciting Saturday!

Common Job Interview Questions -With unemployment on the rise, you might find yourself looking for a job in the near future. If it’s been a while since you’ve interviewed for a job, it can take a little time and practice to brush up your interview skills. Here are some common interview questions and how you should approach them.

Matt Furey: 101 Ways To Magnetize Money -Would you like your money to act like a magnet and pull in more money? That’s the first thing I visualized when I read the title of this post and book with the same name. Lazy Man reviews Matt Furey’s book to see whether or not it will help you make more money.

What is ROWE and How Does it Affect the Workplace? -What is ROWE? I had no idea, so I had to read this one. It was interesting to see that this business management strategy is used by Best Buy, and I hate that store more than anything. Maybe it’s because I know more about the products I’m buying than the people that work there and understand I don’t need $500 worth of Monster Cables to go with any audio/video product.

E-Trade Online Savings Account Opening Process -Have you thought about opening a savings account with an online bank, but was unsure about doing something like that online? Well, nickel gives a step-by-step outline of what this process is like with E-Trade, complete with pictures. This should give you a better idea of what to expect when opening your account.

Quick and Easy Ways to Start a Savings Plan Today -When times are tough and money is tight, saving money might seem impossible, but it’s during times like these that you need to have savings, and need to be disciplined. Frugal Dad has some great tips to help you get started with a savings plan today, and it won’t hurt that much.

Last Minute Gift Ideas and Shopping Tips For Holiday Procrastinators -I’m a big advocate of shopping early, mainly because I hate dealing with idiots on the road and at the mall. Unfortunately, I haven’t started any shopping yet! The clock is ticking, and the stores will only continue to get busier in the coming weeks. There are some good ideas on this list I can probably take advantage of to save me a headache or two.

Are You Ready to Lose Your Job? -Most people aren’t really “ready” to lose their job, but being mentally and physically prepared can make a job loss that much easier. If you know how a job loss will affect you, what benefits you’ll lose, what you’ll gain, and what your prospects are, you’ll be in a better position to get back on your feet.

100 Money Saving Tips for the Holiday Gifting Bonanza -Do you want to save money this holiday season? If so, this is probably the only post you’ll need. Jim has 100 great ways to save money, not only during the holidays, but at any time. It is quite a list!

Debt Reduction 101 - Beginner?s Guide To Debt Reduction -Are you trying to get out of debt but don’t know where to start? Don’t worry, we have NCN to the rescue. Here is a great beginner’s worksheet to help you start your quest to becoming debt free.

Transfer A Brokerage Account: How Much Does It Cost? -There are a lot of different brokerage options, and finding the best account with low fees is great, but it can come at a cost. Transferring out of an account often costs money. So, finding out what it will actually cost and help you determine whether or not it’s worth the move.

Five Things You Don?t Want to Hear From Your Financial Planner -This is a guest post by Jeff Rose, a CFP over on Moolanomy’s site. But here are 5 things you probably don’t want to hear your financial advisor tell you. Sadly, I’ve had to tell people all of these things quite a bit in the past few months. Of course, most people already know they need to do these things, but they just never admit it, or take action to fix it.

S&P 500 Down Nearly 50% in 2008 -I had to include at least one really depressing post. The S&P is down almost 50% this year. It sucks, I know. Be thankful you don’t have to work with clients who come to you for answers on a daily basis.

Friday Finance Findings for November 21st

What now? I’ve put off writing this article for a while. Like many of you out there I’ve watched the Dow retreat in huge, wealth-destroying, multi-hundred-point chunks. Every time it looks like the end is in sight it takes another single-day 5% lurch in the wrong direction. Not a pretty sight.

A couple of weeks ago I attended the annual meeting of the National Association of Business Economists in Washington D.C.. The event featured some interesting speakers, including recent Nobel laureate Paul Krugman and Fed Chairman Ben Bernenke. After a day of hearing smart guys w/ lots of letters after their name wax poetic about credit default swaps, mortgage backed assets, and government bailouts I came away with a single conclusion: no one knows how this thing is going to turn out. There was some suggestion in using the word “bailout” the Treasury did a poor job in selling the $700billion plan to the American public – perhaps “rescue” would have been more appropriate. Krugman added some levity by suggesting some media-friendly nicknames: how about “Bailie May?” Or perhaps “Hanky Panky” after Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson.

So I came away from the three day event with a more profound understanding of my failure to understand this whole mess; but I don’t feel particularly bad about it because no one else really understands it either. Bernenke’s reassuring message: we don’t really know how we’re going to price these distressed assets that the Treasury is gonna be buying with your $700 billion, and we don’t know who we’ll by them from or how we’re going to do it. This will be a trial and error process. But we’ll work it out.

Mmmmmkay. But Bernenke delivers the message with such an aura of academic cool that the audience seemed assured that he’ll succeed in making the best of a bad situation.

So, generally speaking, I’m not feeling to great about all of this. Basically I think we’re headed into one of two possible scenarios:

• Scenario 1: We’re already in a recession but we’ll muddle through. The market is cyclical. This is a particularly brutal cycle we’re dipping into, but fundamentally no different than those we’ve slogged through before. We’ll get some discouraging GDP numbers, the Dow with flit around 9,000 for a while, but eventually the market will give back some of that money it’s taken out of your 401k plan.
• Scenario 2: The wheels are about to come off. The banking system is not just in a superficial funk fueled by poor investor-confidence; it’s really in trouble. As banks write down toxic mortgage backed assets their balance sheets will be fundamentally damaged to the extent that credit will continue to tighten, consequentially decreasing spending, chopping profits, raising unemployment, and fueling foreclosures – which in turn worsens the state of the mortgage backed assets which started the whole mess. Repeat. Deflating prices, which initially feel kinda good (who can argue with $2.50 gas?) accentuates the woes of the business community which will be unable to justify new investments at lower revenue levels, further cutting business spending and jobs, pushing down demand, and deflating prices further. Repeat. Once you’re in this spiral it’s tough to engineer an exit.

Now I think (hope) that we’re in scenario #1. That’s the best case. I don’t think we’re headed towards the meltdown case, but it is something that I worry about. As further evidence that I believe in scenario #1 I recently made two long term trades, buying exchange traded funds (ETF) that track the S&P (RSU) and the Dow (QLD). Someday we’ll look back at 2008 and realize that the dow in the 8,000’s was a buying opportunity.

A few observations:

• You know this already, but if you’re going to need your retirement money in the next few years then you can’t have it socked away in the stock market.
• If your company 401k plan automatically loads you up with company stock, then you need to periodically go in and rebalance. I never cease to be amazed at smart, educated folks who have 40% of their wealth in a single stock. This is goofy.
• Rethink “diversification”. I have stocks divided between small-cap funds, large-cap funds, value funds, growth funds, and international funds. They’re all in the same toilet now. One lesson of the current crisis is that markets are now linked like they’ve never been linked before.

And yes, this is a real estate blog, so a few thoughts here:

• Hooray for Texas: We didn’t run up during the boom so we’re not getting whacked right now, but I’m expecting flat prices for a while. My strategy for finding and investing in long-term value projects is treating me pretty well right now. Plus, that’s a hunk of money I have in properties instead of in the stock market. This is effective diversification.
• Some markets really are feeling the pain. I was in Minneapolis last weekend, and as I walked the streets of some of these neighborhoods it seemed like every third house was a foreclosure. It’s gonna take a while for the market to absorb this carnage.
• All real estate is local – that is, unless the economy is melting down. I won’t be feeling so smug about Texas property values if we got into the doomsday economic scenario that I outlined above. If the banking system goes into the tank then we’re all gonna be in the same boat.
• A buying opportunity? I’m nervous about our economy, but I’m not quite ready to bury my life savings in coffee cans in my back yard. Investors who can still get loans should think about investing now, depending on how your local market conditions look.

I freaking love this.  One of the topics that I have seen frequently on the PF blogosphere is how little financial education there is for America's youth, and how that leads to poor decision making as adults.

In a reversal of roles, High School Freshman and Teen Columnist, Emily Hu, writes For Adults, It's Payback Time.

A brilliant nugget from Miss Hu's article: 

"It comes down to this: Once upon a time, when people were forced to really consider what they could afford and credit actually counted for something, people bought houses they could live in for a few years."

The “Big Three” automakers Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler, and the United Auto Workers union, traveled to Washington today to ask for a bailout.  They asked collectively for $34 billion, but some estimates suggest that they would actually need almost four times that.  Let’s just say that the banking committee wasn’t whipping out its checkbook.

Whether they actually get the bailout or not doesn’t change the fact that they shouldn’t be getting it in the first place.  Bailouts help the few at the expense of everyone else, and encourage the recipients of the bailouts to come back for more.

A bailout of the auto industry will save a few jobs for a little while.  OK, it will save a lot of jobs for a little while.  But in the long run, a bailout reduces everyone’s standard of living.  It’s interference in the free market, and causes a misallocation of resources.  It’s a misallocation because the market has already given the company the thumbs-down, in that the company has not been able to deliver a product profitably at a price that the market is willing to pay.  A bailout says to the market: “You’re wrong.  This company deserves to stay in business.”

In the absence of a bailout, here’s what would happen to a failing business under free market competition:

1. The common stock investors (if any) lose their investment.  Investors higher up the food chain get only part of their investment back.
2. The assets are sold at fire sale prices, usually to a stronger competitor seeking to increase its market share.  The bidding is competitive.
3. Some, or many, of the workers may not have jobs after the company is acquired.  The ones that do continue to do what they do, perhaps more cheaply.  Others don’t, but they can now enter another field and be productive.
4. The inefficient, inferior company goes away, and the efficient, superior company gets stronger.
5. We all win because the resources have been re-allocated efficiently, as a result of what we, the customers, have already said we want:  less of the failing business’s products, and more of the succeeding business’s products.

When the failing business appeals to the powers that be for a bailout, and it is granted, here’s what happens instead:

1. The failing business stays in business, despite the fact that it doesn’t deliver its product as efficiently as its competitors.
2. The workers keep their jobs, perhaps at above-market wages, despite the fact that this situation is not sustainable by the free market.
3. The people footing the bill (us, mainly) don’t have that money available to us to purchase the products we want.
4. We all lose because the resources have been re-allocated inefficiently by force, against what we, the customers, have already said we want.  We instead get more of the failing business’s products and less of the succeeding business’s products, and have to pay for this situation to boot.

Society functions most efficiently when its members are free to enjoy the fruits of their labor as they please.  From all I can see, society enjoys Toyotas and Hondas more than it enjoys GMs and Fords.  Why should we forced to pay for products we don’t enjoy?

The same is true of things like subsidies, unions, tariffs, import quotas, regulation, price control, and antitrust actions.  All of these things ultimately reduce our standard of living because they interfere with people choosing how to enjoy the fruits of their labors.  John Pugsley’s book The Alpha Strategy explains why these all hurt our standard or living in an exceptionally clear way.  It was written at the end of the Carter administration but the explanation of these phenomena still holds.

I expect we’ll get more of the same, but it will cost us all.  Who’s next in line for a bailout?

If you have ever read an article on eBay, you'll have discovered the type of income people earn - it isn't strange to find out about people earning thousands of dollars per month on eBay. Next time you are surfing the eBay site, check out how many PowerSellers there are: you'll find quite a few. Now think about the fact every single one of one of them must be making at least $1,000 per month, as that's eBay's requirement for becoming a PowerSeller. Silver PowerSellers make at least $3,000 monthly, while Gold PowerSellers make more than $10,000, and the Platinum level is $25,000. The top level is Titanium PowerSeller, and to measure up you must make at least $150,000 in sales each month!

It's hard to believe that Ebay has been around for ten years. eBay started in September 1995, by a man named Pierre Omidyar, who was residing in San Jose, California. He envisioned his site - formerly known as 'AuctionWeb' - to be an internet mart, and composed the first code for it in one weekend. It was one of the first sites of its type on the planet. The name 'eBay' follows from the domain Omidyar applied to his internet site His company's name was Echo Bay, and the 'eBay AuctionWeb' was formerly just one part of Echo Bay's website at ebay.com. The first product ever traded on the site was Omidyar's defective laser pointer, which sold for $14 .

The web site rapidly became hugely popular, as vendors arrived to auction off all sorts of strange things and buyers actually purchased them. Relying on faith appeared to work out outstandingly well, and implied that the web site could just about be left alone to run itself. The internet site had been configured from the beginning to take in a small fee on every sale, and it was this revenue that Omidyar applied to finance AuctionWeb's expansion. The fees speedily totaled up to more than his salary at the time, so he resolved to quit his job and devote attention to the site full-time. It was at this point in time, in 1996, that he added the feedback capability, to let buyers and sellers rate one another and make purchasing and trading safer.

In 1997, Omidyar modified AuctionWeb's - and his company's - name to 'eBay', which is what people had been using to refer to the site for awhile. He started to spend a great deal of money on promotion, and had the eBay logo created. A milestone was reached in this year - the one-millionth item was sold (it was a miniature version of Big Bird from Sesame Street). Then, in 1998 - the peak of the dot com company boom - eBay became big business, and the investment in Internet businesses at the time allowed it to bring in senior managers and business strategists, who took in public on the stock market. It began to encourage people to trade more than only collectibles, and rapidly morphed into a huge site on which you could trade anything, big or little. Different from the other websites, though, eBay endured the final stage of the bonanza, and is still going strong nowadays.

1999 saw eBay go worldwide, unveiling sites in the UK, Australia and Germany. eBay purchased half.com, an Amazon-like internet retailer, in the year 2000 - the same year it inaugurated Buy it Now - and bought PayPal, an internet payment service, in 2002.

Pierre Omidyar has now cleared an estimated $3 billion from eBay, and still serves as Chairman of the Board.There are now literally millions of items bought and sold every day on eBay, all over the world. For every $100 spent online worldwide, it is estimated that $14 is spent on eBay - that's a lot of laser pointers.

The fact that these PowerSellers are around gives you some idea of the money possibilities on Ebay. Most of the power sellers never intended to even launch a commercial enterprise on eBay - they merely began trading a couple of items, and then continued. There are quite a lot of people whose full-time job is merchandising items on eBay, and some of them have been working at it for years now. Can you believe that? Once they've purchased the merchandise, everything else is basically pure profit for these people - they don't need to spend money on any business premises, employees, or anything else. There are multi-million dollar commercial enterprises earning less in genuine net income than eBay PowerSellers do.

Even if you do not want to resign from your line of work and really try for it, you can use all the same eBay to make a substantial supplemental income. You can package customer purchases during the week and bring them to the local post office for shipping each Saturday. There are few other things you could be doing with your free time that have anywhere close to that kind of money-making potential.

What's more, eBay could care less about who you are, where you reside, or if you are good-looking. Some PowerSellers are very old, or very young. Some live out in very rural areas where selling on eBay is one of the few options to agriculture or being very impoverished. eBay levels the playing field and removes the roadblocks to earning that the real world constantly erects. There's no job interview and no traveling back and forth involved - if you can post items on the site, you can make it happen!

Put it this way: if you know where to acquire something fairly inexpensively that you could sell, then you can sell it on eBay - and because you can always get discount rates for mass purchases at wholesale, that's not hard. Purchase a job lot of something in-demand inexpensively, sell it on eBay, and you are earning cash already, with no set-up expenses.

If you wish to try it out before you commit to really purchasing anything, then you can just sell unwanted objects that you've got sitting around in the home. Explore that closet full of items that you never use, and you'll in all likelihood find you've got a couple of hundred bucks' worth of stuff lying around in there! This is the beauty of eBay: there is always someone who wants what you're selling, whatever it might be, and because they have come searching you out, you don't even need to do anything to get them to buy it.

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About the Author

Dottye is an Educational Consultant. Please visit http://homebizhelper.com and http://www.computingninternet.com/

The Motley Fool is a web site devoted to helping average people make better investment and financial decisions. Recently, GRS forum administrator (and resident economist) Jericho Hill got a chance to visit The Motley Fool headquarters. This is part two of a report on his experience. (Here’s part one.)

When I was in high school, I participated in my state?s stock market game. It was designed to introduce our economics class to the world of investing. That?s where I first heard of The Motley Fool, an upstart website for financial investors that went against the grain of having advisors manage your money. Their newsletter analyzed the advantages of managing your investments yourself, and advocated indexed mutual funds over managed funds.

So, when I received an invitation recently to visit the Fool Headquarters in Alexandria, VA for a focus group, I jumped at the chance. The purpose of the focus group was two-fold.

• One part of the meeting focused on The Motley Fool?s free CAPS service, a community stock-picking tool. I discussed this experience last week.
• The second part of the focus group dealt with how the participants used financial information, where they got it from, and what our views on investing were.

It was the second part of the meeting that I felt was the most valuable. Along with various Motley Fool staffers, the group members spoke about their personal investing habits, beliefs, thoughts, and attitudes. We heard from people ranging from first-time investors saving for retirement, to a professional financial planner, to well, myself. The breadth and depth of perspective was illuminating.

Prior to the focus group, I had walked around the office floor and noticed quite a few quotes on the walls. One by Peter Lynch read ?Never invest in any idea you can?t illustrate with a crayon.? Another said ?Though it?s easy to forget sometimes, a share is not a lottery ticket, its part ownership in a business.?

Later, during the group discussion, another quote came up by Warren Buffett: ?If you have one or two great ideas a year, you?re doing great.? The two new investors in the room stated that they felt pressure to succeed and succeed often as they started to invest for retirement. Knowing there were resources that played on the psychology of investing rather than mathematics of investing was important to those attendees. They also didn?t know where the best sources of information were, or who to follow.

Many of those in the room felt that it was not prudent to follow one particular author or person. Rather, it was the subject matter that as important, and as Burton Malkiel said ?Investors should act like intelligence agencies, gathering information no matter how seemingly insignificant.?

Somewhere during the conversation, I brought up the problem of risk. Individuals have different risk profiles, just as some people can ride very scary roller coasters while I?m stuck on the Dahlonega Mine Train ride at Six Flags. Further, not only do we handle risk differently, but another attendee pointed out that we even define risk differently. Our group took five minutes to write individual definitions of risk. They were all different when we reconvened.

We had a long discussion about risk, and about how our differing views on risk can make conversations on financial topics difficult. Different risk tolerances create difficulties in determining just what one?s best financial plan is. How does one define risk? More importantly, how do you define risk? All agreed that becoming more comfortable with one element of risk (volatility) was exceptionally important to being a successful long-term investor.

When the focus group ended, there was no general consensus on what information we should consume, to whom we should listen, where we should invest, or even how we should invest. That seems like a profound thought to me: that your best personal finance advisor is yourself, regardless of whether you?re just starting out or finishing up.

Jericho Hill also recently had a chance to speak with David Gardner, one of the founders of The Motley Fool. Look for excerpts from that interview at Get Rich Slowly in the future.

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Related Articles at Get Rich Slowly:

• Picking Stocks with The Motley Fool’s CAPS
• How to Get Out of Debt
• links for 2007-05-16
• How to Obtain Your Free Credit Report
• Daily Roundup: Money Myths, Going Organic, and DIY Halloween Calendar

Could the failure of the “Big 3″ cause a depression?

That’s what a Chrysler executive claims:

“We’re on the brink with the U.S. auto manufacturing industry,” Press told The Associated Press in an interview. “If we have a catastrophic failure of one of these car companies, in this tender environment for the economy, it’s a huge blow. It could trigger a depression.”

I’m not sure about that but I am sure that it’s in this executive’s best interest to paint as bleak of a picture as possible in order to get his bailout. What do you think?

I’m sure failure would not be good. But, as we’ve talked about before, we can’t just give money to the automakers and allow them to carry on business as usual. Big changes need to be made and now is as good a time as any to make those changes. These changes have needed to be made for years but the current crisis really brought them to light.

Please weigh in with your opinion.

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