When you get engaged, you’re not just promising to marry a person; you’re also marrying their money habits, their debt, and credit history.  If you’re not careful, unknown money issues can not only ruin a marriage but sink you deep into debt.

Hiding Credit Card Debt
Here’s a sad story of a former co-worker whose life was turned upside down by his spouse’s debt.  I met up with him for lunch yesterday to catch up and couldn’t believe the story he had to tell.

His wife had 50K of credit card debt coming into their marriage that she didn’t tell him about until several years after they were married.  She was only making minimum payments so over the years the interest mounted and the debt continued to grow.

He had owned a home prior to the marriage and they finally they decided to tap into it’s equity and take out a loan to pay off most of her debt. A few days later he comes home to find her packing her bags and on her way out the door.  Of course he didn’t share this story with anyone for quite a while since it was so painful and embarrassing but now happily he’s met someone new and is moving on. 

What’s the morale of the story?  Find out about your future spouse’s finances before you get married.  To help you do that, here are some questions to ask, courtesy of Real Simple:

Ten Romantic Debt Questions for Your Fiancé

• Do you use credit cards for everyday expenses?
• Do you pay your credit-card balance in full each month?
• Have you ever maxed out your credit cards?
• How many credit cards do you have?
• What are your debts?
• Have you looked at your credit reports in the last year?
• Did you ever require a cosigner for a loan?
• Have you ever been put into collection by a creditor?
• Are you a cosigner on anyone else’s loan?
• Do you have any tax or other liens pending?

These questions are obviously not very romantic but they’re definitely necessary things to ask.  Depending on your fiancé’s personality you might handle them in different ways.  It might be easiest to just sit down and go through them all straight up or you might have to slip in a carefully worded question here and there during the course of conversation. 

Here are some other finance questions the article suggests asking:

• Do you have a savings or checking account?
• Do you balance your checking account each month?
• Do you do research before making major purchases?
• Do you have a budget or a spending plan?
• Do you track your finances? How often?
• Are you aware of all your benefits at work?
• Do you have life insurance?
• Do you have health insurance?

Of course some of these things you might find out over the course of time as you get to know someone. However you do it, make sure you get these questions answered, I know my friend sure wishes he had.

Checking Their Credit History
If you’re worried that your fiancé is holding back information you could dig a little deeper. Not telling you everything is probably a bad sign for future marital communications but if you’re determined they might be the one you could always do some more research.

If you know their full name, social security number, date of birth, current address, and previous address you can probably pull your future spouse’s credit report to do some double checking.  Be aware checking their credit report without their permission can potentially get you into some trouble:

“Anyone who obtains a copy of someone else’s credit report under false pretenses can be fined substantially and jailed for up to a year.

Only businesses or individuals with a “permissible purpose” can access your credit report. “Permissible purpose” is defined in Section 604 of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA).“

Then again, if your fiancé is willing to throw you into jail for checking their credit history, probably a sign you don’t want to marry them.

How to Build Credit History
What if your future husband or wife doesn’t have any debt but they don’t have any credit history at all?  This happened to us, when we went to get a loan for our home my wife’s lack of credit history affected the interest rates we were eligible for. 

We ended up putting both our names on the title but only mine on the loan so that we could get a better interest rate but we wanted a way to help build her credit profile.

Our financial planner showed us a pretty slick way that worked wonders for my wife’s credit.  She put $1000 into a 12 month certificate of deposit at our local bank and then used the CD to get a secured loan from the same bank.

We setup our checking account to make automatic payments on the loan so she had a year’s worth of on time loan payments on her credit report. Then after 12 months we took the money out of the CD and paid off the loan.  The interest we had earned on the CD helped pay for most of the interest we had paid on the money we borrowed.

Marriage Money Summary
Get to know your fiancé’s money baggage and habits or they may come back to make you miserable, divorced, and in debt in the future.

There is so much bad news floating around, so much to be worried or angry or upset about in the world. However there is a lot to be grateful for as well, so I thought I would take a moment and count a few blessings. This may be a bit late, considering Thanksgiving was a week ago, but I suppose it is never a bad time to be grateful.

A few quotes on the subject I have read recently:

“Life isn’t fair, but it’s still good.” - Unknown (to me)

“To be grateful is to recognize the love of God in everything He has given us-and He has given us everything.”-Thomas Merton

Now you may not be religious, but that last quote really struck me when I read it. It reminds me to take the bad with the good, and to appreciate it. It might seem wrong or even stupid to try to appreciate what seems unfair, bad, or even evil, but it is possible - and important. We can learn and grow and change for the better as a result of every experience - be it sickness, recession, job loss, or even death.

I once overheard my mother say that having cancer was a huge blessing. I recoiled, but she explained that it brought our family closer together and made her realize her inner strength. Remembering that comment has always kept me in check when I find myself whining or self-pitying.

Things for which I am grateful:

• Having a job and a regular paycheck; not everyone does right now.
• Not having to worry about where I’ll get my next meal or bath.
• Having the means and time to give to others who need support.
• A large family which supports and uplifts me.
• The freedom and ability to learn and pursue whatever I choose.

Many in our country are struggling, some for the first time, as our economy sags and companies lay people off and wages stagnate. Of course we are all still much better off than many in the world, but is still natural and easy to worry, to complain, to be angry and even scared.

But struggles can bring us together, and they can encourage us remember what’s really important - what matters a lot more than the 401k balance or the big bonus check. I hope as this volatile year comes to an end that we can all find some things to be truly grateful for.

More from Meg at The World of Wealth

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Live Search Cash Back is a new Microsoft initiative that is supposed to provide a rebate to consumers for items found via the Microsoft Live search functionality and purchased online.

The word on the street says this is Microsoft’s attempt to compete with Google in the online search market.  The concept is that in return for being listed in Microsoft’s search results, merchants have to offer cash back to consumers instead of paying Microsoft for placement.  Microsoft doesn’t make any money off of the transaction but their hope is that more users will start using Live Search instead of competitors such as Google.

Shopping Comparison Features
 Always looking to save a few bucks, I poked around the Live Search cash back interface to see if it would be useful for me.  I’m in the market for some new jogging shoes so I typed in “nike mens running shoes”. Unfortunately, the search interface is lacking basic functionality that all Web users have come to expect.  For example:

• You can’t order search results by price, seller reputation, or product rating
• You can’t specify a price range for the product
• Default 16 items shown per page. You can’t opt to see more items on one page
• You can’t choose whether to see a list vs more detailed view of results

Retailer Options
Once I scrolled through 16 pages of results to find the lowest price shoe, it only showed me results from two different online stores.  I guess one of the drawbacks of only including retailers that offer cash back is that your comparison is limited to the number of retailers that participate in the program.  How do I know that there aren’t other merchants that offer the same shoe online for a lower price?  They may not offer cash back but the shoe may be cheaper in the first place, saving the hassle of the rebate all together.

Rebate Hassles
Once I chose the store with the lowest price and best rebate I clicked through the “Go To Store” button.  I was taken to the merchant page where I could complete the transaction.  You aren’t given the discounted price at checkout, first the retailer has to report the sale to Microsoft.  Here’s the description of the cash back process from Microsoft’s terms & conditions:

“Within seven days after a qualifying purchase is reported to us, we will list the purchase in your account with a status of “pending.” The purchase will stay in pending status for a period of 60 days to account for returns, refunds, fraud and other processing issues. After this point, if the purchase is eligible for awards, it will be marked as “available” in your account and the associated awards will be eligible for redemption as described below. You must ensure that we properly post awards to your account. If you believe that you have earned awards that are not posted to your account, we will not consider posting them to your account unless you contact us within six months after the date of the associated purchase. We may require reasonable documentation to support your claim.”

Sounds more like hassling with a rebate than a cash back program to me.  The money may show up in your account but if it doesn’t you have to do the work of following up for months afterwards to make sure you get your cash back.  Similar to a rebate, you’re paying tax on the full purchase price, even though you might get cash back down the road.  I say might because Microsoft has a list of reasons that disqualify you from cash back:

“You will not earn cash back awards on purchases where (a) you open the store’s web site in a different web browser; (b) your browser is not configured to accept cookies; (c) the purchase is not completed in the same web browsing session (not to exceed 24 hours) initiated by clicking on the eligible advertisement or listing; (d) the order is later cancelled or the goods or services are later returned; (e) the store does not report the purchase to Microsoft; (f) the goods or services are acquired for resale or other business purposes; or (g) you also use a separate discount or coupon.”

A little bit further in the terms and conditions there is more language that could foreshadow difficulty claiming cash back.

“There may be additional limitations on purchases on certain merchant sites, and those limitations will be disclosed on the merchant site. Your participation in the Live Search cashback service on such merchant sites will be subject to these terms and conditions as well as any additional ones disclosed on the merchant site. In the event of a conflict between any of these terms and conditions and those disclosed on the merchant site, the ones disclosed on the merchant site will apply and control.”

Live Search Summary
The limited shopping comparison features, limited retailer options, and the whole lengthy rebate process are enough to discourage me from trying the Live Search Cashback for now.   The final deciding factor for me is that you have to sign up for a Windows Live ID in order to participate in the cashback program.  I have enough user id’s already, I don’t need anymore. 

For now I’ll continue to use Google web search and Google product search when I’m shopping for items online.  I’ll just keep my eyes open for deals and sales and get my discounts that way rather than go through the whole Live Search cashback ordeal.  Hopefully, Microsoft will enhance their search functionality, add more retailers, and make the cashback process less worrisome. Until then, I’ll rely on Google’s expertise to help me find the best deals.

You may or may not have heard the term ?ethical will?. But, for those who care about making their values and ethics part of their legacy, it is a tool to consider when planning your estate.

Unlike a ?last will and testament?, which provides for the distribution of a person?s material assets, or a ?living will?, which contains instructions for how you want to be treated medically at the end of your days, an ?ethical will? is designed to let someone preserve and share their values, principles and beliefs for heirs and future generations, though it?s not legally binding.

According to Personal Legacy Advisors? Web site, an ethical will is a letter that transmits the non-material assets that are also of great importance: your values, your story, the lessons life has taught you and the other information that is too valuable to risk being lost. Your ethical will is the tool that enables you to address the question, ?What do I want my loved ones to know??

As a concept, ethical wills are not new. The first written reference to ethical wills occurs in both the Hebrew and Christian Bibles. Examples are Genesis, chapter 49, and The Book of John, chapters 15-18. Over time, they evolved into written documents. While ethical wills were traditionally shared after death, along with the reading of an individual?s last will and testament, today they are often shared during the author?s life.

While exact figures aren?t available for how many people are writing ethical wills, they are on the rise, based on increased Web activity and sales of ethical will resources. They have gained impetus particularly in the wake of tragedies like the September 11 terrorist attacks.

Why create one? People are inclined to write an ethical will when facing a challenging event, or at a turning point in life. Some examples are facing the loss of a loved one, birth of a grandchild, expectant parents, becoming an empty-nester or approaching the end of life. Other reasons to create an ethical will include:

• Your reflections will confirm what?s important and renew appreciation of your life to date
• You will create a personal message to those you love, of priceless value in the event of your absence
• If you do not tell your personal (and family) stories, they may be lost forever
• Your material assets can be given within a personal context
• You will mitigate confusion and hurt feelings with a personal explanation of potentially controversial elements of your legal will
• Your spirit will be expressed on paper, living beyond you in a timeless way
• Your words will link the past, present and future generations of your family
• You will enjoy peace of mind knowing the most important things will have been said.

Pros and cons. The pros of an ethical include having an opportunity to influence future generations. Through the process of writing an ethical will, the writer can gain self-knowledge and come to an understanding of what?s most important to him or her. This is valuable information not only for their families but their professional advisers as well. Another pro is that ethical wills are private documents. Unlike a will, which if admitted to probate will become a matter of public record, an ethical will is a private communication and will not be made public unless the author (or recipient) so desires. The con is that an ethical will is not enforceable in a court of law. Those who want to provide specific instructions, such as who is to receive which asset or how assets are to be distributed and under what conditions, would need to put the instruction in a will or trust.

Setting up an ethical will. Ethical wills come in a variety of forms, from a short letter to a lengthy autobiographical statement, from an audio-recorded message to a bound album. There are three basic ways to create an ethical will.

1. Begin with an outline and list of suggestions. Once you?ve created a rough draft, you can review and personalize it as much as you wish.
2. Begin with guided writing exercises. For example, start with phrases such as ?From my grandparents, I learned?? or ?I am most grateful for??
3. Begin with a blank sheet of paper and write down whatever is relevant about your thoughts, experiences and feelings. This is an open-ended approach. Eventually you should be able to create a comfortable structure for your ethical will. For one-on-one help, an organization like the Association of Personal Historians may be of assistance.

Other tips from Personal Legacy Advisors include the following:

• Start today: If you were not here tomorrow, what is the most important thing you would not want left unsaid? Write it down - now you’ve begun
• Relax: You are not trying to write for the Pulitzer Prize. The letter is a gift of yourself, written for those you love
• Ask yourself: What do I want to make sure my loved ones know and have in writing
• Take it topic by topic: Don’t try to write it all at once
• Be yourself: You cannot bequeath what you never owned to begin with
• Be careful, be loving. The reach of this letter is unknowable.

Sharing your will. It?s a good idea to share your ethical will not only with family and friends, but also with your financial adviser and attorney. Knowing what you value and what?s important to you will help them to develop a personalized plan that can help you to leverage your values in the future.

An ethical will speaks to one?s posterity or descendants long after the legal will has been probated and forgotten. Of note, an ethical will is a dynamic document. Just as a will or living trust document needs to be revisited so does an ethical will, because events occur in ones’ life that have an impact on ones’ value systems.

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Many small business owners reach a point in their career wherein they make the decision to reduce personal risk and maximize gains through the acquisition of their company. The process of selling one?s business involves a mix of strategically executed procedures which achieve the desired results without sacrificing confidentiality, risk management, mutually beneficial deal structure and optimum price.

In order to achieve effective results, business owners must (1) have a clear understanding of the metrics that govern their business, (2) realistic expectations of the marketplace and (3) a group of trusted advisors, comprised of accountants, attorneys and bankers, in place to provide guidance and structure to the acquisition process.

Steps To Prepare A Business For Acquisition

In order to maximize price and present an ideal picture of your business to the marketplace, key steps must be taken so that your business is properly developed and maintained. The financial and organizational structure of your company should be transparent to a buyer, so that he or she will be assured of the value and feel comfortable in assuming ownership.

Step1: Systematize and Document Your Business

The functions and procedures in your business should be concisely identified so that a buyer can clearly understand the chain of command and how results are achieved. Written agreements with vendors, customers and industry contacts can also bring substantial value to an acquisition. Documented agreements ensure that valuable relationships are concrete and will extend into the future. These assurances create confidence for the buyer and make the company more attractive in the marketplace.

Step 2: Maintain Organized Financial Data

Many business owners are heavily influenced by tax liability. The potential trap in focusing more attention on tax liability than profit performance is that it becomes difficult to prove the true profitability of the business to a buyer. Therefore, assuming greater tax liability in the short-term can result in increased value on the income statements. In addition, profit and loss reports should be generated and reviewed on a monthly basis, the company?s stock levels should be at full value and all capital expenditures should be clearly identified and booked on the balance sheets prior to an acquisition. [1]

Step 3: Maintain Accurate and Updated Corporate Documents

Due diligence is one of the most important elements of the sales process. Diligence items include corporate, legal and tax documents that define and validate the representations and warranties of a company. Business owners should be familiar with the issues and should attend to corporate maintenance on a quarterly basis.

1) Achieving realistic price expectations. A business has value to a buyer because of its anticipated future earnings and a demonstrated successful track record.[2] Businesses that show consistent growth, positive adjusted earnings and EBITDA and reliable financial projections are able to command high industry multiples and premium prices.

2) Accurately adjusting the net owner earnings. In order to accurately determine value, the balance sheet and income statements should be re-cast and items such as depreciation, owner?s salary and interest expenses can add-back significant value. The re-cast earnings will reflect the actual owner compensation in order to determine market value.[3]

3) Understanding deal structure. Sellers should be educated about possible alternatives for structuring a deal, such as earn-outs, non-compete agreements and long-term employment contracts. These items can add substantial value when combined with the negotiated purchase price. In addition, sellers need to be aware of how business liabilities, such as excess inventory and existing lines of credit, are assumed by the buyer and how liabilities are integrated into the final asking price.

4) Maintaining Confidentiality. Confidentiality is crucial in ensuring that existing employees and clients do not become aware of a potential transaction. If the sales process is not managed and the transaction is disclosed at the wrong time, key employees and valuable customer relationships could be sacrificed, thereby jeopardizing gross revenue if the sale is not ultimately consummated. Savvy buyers will use this as a tool to lower value.

5) Securing qualified buyers. A buyer?s material ability to consummate a transaction must be verified at the start of the sales process so that time and resources are not expended on inappropriate candidates.

6) Maintaining profits and growth during the sales process. Once your business has been introduced to the marketplace, it is crucial to continue to develop and maintain growth until the transaction is fully executed. It is the performance and productivity of the business that holds value in the eyes of a buyer. Therefore, a business that begins to drop-off in the months prior to a sale will incur difficulty in obtaining optimum price and qualified buyers.

7) Preparing proper due diligence. A thorough die diligence manual should be prepared in advance of bringing a business to market. Inaccurate or incomplete diligence materials can destroy buyer confidence and cause a deal to collapse. A seller must be able to defend the representations and warranties they assert during the sales process.[4]

8) Seeking professional guidance and consultation. Sellers should realize that it is nearly impossible to efficiently manage a transaction without the assistance of accountants, lawyers and bankers. These trusted advisors should work in tandem to help sellers achieve the desired results while limiting personal exposure and liability.

I bet this whole financial mess has made everyone of you open your eyes and question your wants, question your income, question your money management (or the lack of it), question your expenses, question your investment strategies, question your job security, question your $10-per-workday lunches, question your credit card statements, question your insurance coverages ….. sort of made you question your attitude towards money.

For those of you who still have your jobs, I bet you feel fortunate (and generally crib less about being less paid, etc.) - and I bet you are putting in extra efforts to make sure that someone higher up notices your hard work before you get into the to-be-laid-off list.

It has made people question their governments, and governments question their respective policies.

On my part, I have convinced at least half a dozen young people (close friends and relatives) to open their minds about saving more and/or investing in the stock market (on the argument that it’s a good time to buy stocks, develop good money saving habits, etc.). It’s a happy feeling (almost a proud feeling) when these guys and gals discuss interest rates, stocks, ETFs, and portfolio diversification over lunches and other casual meetings.

Of course there is much suffering and stress, but hopefully most of us will come out of it with several lessons for life. Hopefully, adversity will bring out the best of our efficiency and adaptability.

As it is, we have to read/hear bad news everyday … just thought I should throw in a pinch of positive out there.

The “Big Three” automakers Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler, and the United Auto Workers union, traveled to Washington today to ask for a bailout.  They asked collectively for $34 billion, but some estimates suggest that they would actually need almost four times that.  Let’s just say that the banking committee wasn’t whipping out its checkbook.

Whether they actually get the bailout or not doesn’t change the fact that they shouldn’t be getting it in the first place.  Bailouts help the few at the expense of everyone else, and encourage the recipients of the bailouts to come back for more.

A bailout of the auto industry will save a few jobs for a little while.  OK, it will save a lot of jobs for a little while.  But in the long run, a bailout reduces everyone’s standard of living.  It’s interference in the free market, and causes a misallocation of resources.  It’s a misallocation because the market has already given the company the thumbs-down, in that the company has not been able to deliver a product profitably at a price that the market is willing to pay.  A bailout says to the market: “You’re wrong.  This company deserves to stay in business.”

In the absence of a bailout, here’s what would happen to a failing business under free market competition:

1. The common stock investors (if any) lose their investment.  Investors higher up the food chain get only part of their investment back.
2. The assets are sold at fire sale prices, usually to a stronger competitor seeking to increase its market share.  The bidding is competitive.
3. Some, or many, of the workers may not have jobs after the company is acquired.  The ones that do continue to do what they do, perhaps more cheaply.  Others don’t, but they can now enter another field and be productive.
4. The inefficient, inferior company goes away, and the efficient, superior company gets stronger.
5. We all win because the resources have been re-allocated efficiently, as a result of what we, the customers, have already said we want:  less of the failing business’s products, and more of the succeeding business’s products.

When the failing business appeals to the powers that be for a bailout, and it is granted, here’s what happens instead:

1. The failing business stays in business, despite the fact that it doesn’t deliver its product as efficiently as its competitors.
2. The workers keep their jobs, perhaps at above-market wages, despite the fact that this situation is not sustainable by the free market.
3. The people footing the bill (us, mainly) don’t have that money available to us to purchase the products we want.
4. We all lose because the resources have been re-allocated inefficiently by force, against what we, the customers, have already said we want.  We instead get more of the failing business’s products and less of the succeeding business’s products, and have to pay for this situation to boot.

Society functions most efficiently when its members are free to enjoy the fruits of their labor as they please.  From all I can see, society enjoys Toyotas and Hondas more than it enjoys GMs and Fords.  Why should we forced to pay for products we don’t enjoy?

The same is true of things like subsidies, unions, tariffs, import quotas, regulation, price control, and antitrust actions.  All of these things ultimately reduce our standard of living because they interfere with people choosing how to enjoy the fruits of their labors.  John Pugsley’s book The Alpha Strategy explains why these all hurt our standard or living in an exceptionally clear way.  It was written at the end of the Carter administration but the explanation of these phenomena still holds.

I expect we’ll get more of the same, but it will cost us all.  Who’s next in line for a bailout?

My sister-in-law has cancer.

Last week, a biopsy revealed that Stephanie has a cancerous lump on her thyroid. She’ll likely have her thyroid removed, meaning she’ll need to take medication for the rest of her life. (She’s 37 years old.) She’ll also probably need a handful of radioactive iodine chemotherapy treatments.

Prognosis positive
Jeff and Stephanie have both settled down a bit after the initial scare. They’ve heard from many sources, including Steph’s grandmother, that this form (and location) of cancer is easy to eliminate, and has a low chance of spreading or recurring. Steph’s grandmother had her thyroid removed years ago (due to a growth on it), and she is now 77 years old.

Still, this is cancer, which no member of my family takes lightly. My father died from cancer ten days before his fiftieth birthday. Last summer, cancer killed a cousin at age 47. Other family members have died from the disease as well.

A lucky mistake
A situation like this has enormous personal finance implications. Steph’s case is especially interesting because it demonstrates that sometimes the “right choice” isn’t.

Before the birth of their daughter in February 2006, Stephanie obtained a supplemental hospital/short-term disability insurance policy because she knew she would need a C-section. After Emily was born, Steph tried to cancel the policy, but the agent talked her into switching to a cheaper cancer/accident policy instead.

Inspired in part by Get Rich Slowly, Jeff and Steph have been taking control of their personal finances. This past May, when it came time for her office to renew policies, Stephanie asked to have her cancer/accident policy canceled because she wanted to save the $70 recurring monthly expense.

After the cancer diagnosis came through, Jeff and Stephanie were kicking themselves for having canceled the policy — it would have offset some of their upcoming costs. Then Steph remembered that both of her June paycheck stubs still had the deductions listed. She called her agent to see if her policies were still in force. Sure enough, the official cancel date was July 1st, so the agent was able to revoke the cancelation.

“I don’t know if it will pay out enough to compensate for all the premiums we’ve paid in the last two years,” Jeff writes, “but at this point I don’t care. If it helps with the medical bills that are bound to accrue, that’s all that matters.”

A calculated risk
Stephanie’s situation highlights just how difficult it can be to know how much (and what kind of) insurance to carry. It seemed unlikely that she’d need the cancer policy, so she canceled it. From a Big Picture perspective, this was probably the right decision. But in her individual circumstance, it turned out to be the wrong move.

Last fall, in his brief introduction to insurance, Aaron Pinkston wrote that “insurance is the cheapest and most immediate way for a person to displace risks that are too great to assume individually”. That is, insurance allows groups to pool their money to offset unexpected large individual costs.

But how can you decide how much insurance you need? And what types? Later today, I’ll share a guest post about making informed insurance choices.

Meanwhile, friends and family are ready to help Jeff and Stephanie through this crisis. And although they have bigger things to worry about, it gives them a degree of comfort to know they have a little insurance to help with the financial challenges that loom ahead.

---
Related Articles at Get Rich Slowly:

• Ask the Readers: Personal Finance During a Health Crisis?
• Daily Roundup: Bringing Home the Bacon Edition
• Daily Links: My Favorite Stories from the Past Two Years
• Drama in Real Life: “You’re Fired!”
• Get Rich Slowly’s Greatest Hits (2007 Edition)

PRESS RELEASE:

Pittsburgh, March 2007 — Russ Thornton has been awarded the Accredited Investment Fiduciary® designation from the Center for Fiduciary Studies. The AIF designation signifies training in fiduciary responsibility and follows a two day course and examination.

Thornton, a resident of Atlanta, GA is President of Thornton Wealth Management. He specializes in providing investment management solutions to individuals, trusts and corporate retirement plans.

The Center for Fiduciary Studies is the first full-time training and research facility for fiduciaries. The Center, associated with the Center for Executive Education, Joseph M. Katz Graduate School of Business, University of Pittsburgh, teaches fiduciary standards of care and investment best practices designed for trustees, advisors, and other investment professionals. They also offer an Accredited Investment Fiduciary Analyst? designation signifying the ability to perform fiduciary assessments. Programs are offered throughout the year at the University of Pittsburgh?s Center for Executive Education, Stetson University?s Celebration Campus in Orlando, Florida, University of Washington in Seattle, Rice University in Houston, and the Wharton Business School of the University of Pennsylvania?s West Campus in San Francisco. Courses are also available internationally in Canada, Singapore, New Zealand, and Australia. For more information on future events, training programs and fiduciary products, visit www.fi360.com.

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Finance Findings is Binary Dollar’s periodic link dump.

• My Personal Saving and Investing System [Sun’s Financial Diary]
• What Have You Got Against Credit Cards? [Tao]
• Curb Appeal: One Of My Best Investments Yet Or How I Turned $80 Into $5,000 With Minimal Risk [Digerati Life]
• Understanding the Fine Print of a Loan Can Save You Money and Grief [Generation X Finance]
• Alternative Income Streams Progress - June 2007 [Lazy Man and Money]
• Are Real Estate Agents Worth the Money? [Money Smart Life]
• The Best Online Brokers [Free Money Finance]
• Eight Things To Consider When Buying Someone Out [Mighty Bargain Hunter]
• Four Reasons You Should Get A Payday Loan [Blueprint]
• Eco-Friendly Energy Savings [Five Cent Nickel]

Send your submissions for Finance Findings to henry@binarydollar.com.

Sponsor: Parlayer - Henry and Matt blog about sports and stuff.

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This Thursday is Thanksgiving in the United States.  If you’re traveling, please do so safely.  And especially with all of the market turmoil and uncertainty, please do what you can to focus on what you have and be thankful for it.

Here are this week’s posts selected for the Carnival of Debt Reduction, starting with the earliest submission:

• Tough Money Love has some choice words for credit card issuers and some debtors who would benefit from a bailout.
• Money Help and Tips comes through with a quickie on how not to abuse your credit cards.
• Destroy Debt lists over six dozen ways to save money while saving the environment.
• Financial Wellness Project wrote a guest post over at Clever Dude reviewing You’re Broke Because You Want To Be by Larry Winget and highlighting twelve rules of debt elimination.
• Deposit Accounts Blog gives a few ways to save money by trimming household expenses.
• Master Your Card shares six things she’s learned from being in debt.
• Economic Crunch played a high-stakes salary-negotiation game that paid off handsomely toward her debt reduction.
• Fix My Personal Finance has some thoughts on how to boost savings.
• Studenomics explains an interesting debt-ranking system.
• Bible Money Matters illustrates a way to control spending using the envelope system.
• Debt Reduction Formula has some reflections on money and debt.
• Budgets Are Sexy asks if you really have to use your credit card for things.
• Debt Free Destiny asks how freely your cash is flowing.
• Credit Card Assist lists the top three ways to build better credit.
• Finance Tips 101 asks if you’ve considered debt consolidation.
• Discover Debt Freedom gives a few suggestions for rescuing your finances.
• Digerati Life asks how the economy has affected how you save money.
• Broke Grad Student lists eight resources for finding college scholarships.
• The Smarter Wallet gives a number of frugal tips for clothes-shopping online.
• Saving Advice rattles off a number of ways to feel better without spending a lot of money.
• Credit Addict explains how to evaluate balance transfer credit card offers.
• The Happy Rock reviews Dave Ramsey’s Baby Steps.

Next week we have Green Panda Treehouse hosting.  Have a great week!

Some people like change, other people don’t.  You could argue that change is distracting and slows you down but you can also argue that without change we’d all still be living in caves.

Personally change makes me nervous but I know that it’s necessary for growth.  I’ve been working on a few things related to this site for a while now that I’m getting ready to roll out.  I’ll let you know more once change is imminent.  Until then, what are a few things you’d like to see changed about this site? Please leave your thoughts in the comments.

One more thing to cover.  I’ve been meaning to highlight some more money articles over the last few days but hadn’t gotten around to it since I’ve been working on “the changes”.  Here are some articles you might want to check out.

– The Sun talks about a new rule for online real estate brokers

– The Lazy Man reviews the Amazon Kindle: Buy or Not?

– GenX Finance looks at the cost of a family cookout

-Free Money Finance takes a look at an  Investment Portfolio Using Only Three Index Funds

-No Credit Needed gives us 10 Steps For Getting Back On Track

– Five Cent Nickel covers SmartMoney’s Best and Worst Brokers,as did Blueprint for Financial Prosperity, SmartMoney’s 2008 Best Discount Brokers

Third World Poverty: The Real Solution

Aid to Africa

We all welcomed the campaign to address poverty in Africa and Tony Blair's commitment to it. When it was launched, the emphasis was on reducing debt and increasing aid from the rich Western nations. The priorities stated were to tackle disease, especially aids, and to generate economic activity.

At the time Blair retired, after 10 years as prime minister, progress in terms of contributions from the West had been extremely disappointing. The debt issue has been addressed in only 25% of the countries where relief is needed, and the aid contribution (separate from debt relief) from the rich Western nations to African countries has actually fallen.

Today, much more is being done by China, while India is becoming increasingly involved. A key factor is that, unlike Western finance, the aid from China comes without strings. Because the Chinese are happy enough with the trade which flows from their involvement, they make little effort to impose their culture on the recipient countries.

Self-Defeating Conditions

Apart from its inadequate volume, aid from the Europe and the USA has limited impact because of the conditions imposed with grants; notable by the USA and the UK. An obvious absurdity is the 'no abortion' condition imposed by the Bush administration on grants to tackle aids. (Fortunately, this condition is not applied to some of the grants from the USA non government sector - for example, the Gates Foundation.)

A second restriction, more generally applied - especially by the UK - is the insistence on privatisation. The failure, in terms of value for money for the public, of Thatcher, Major and Blair governments' private finance initiatives (PFIs) does not appear to have dampened the enthusiasm for applying them to other countries.

In some African countries this has resulted in people becoming worse off than before the aid was granted. An obvious example is an increase in the cost of water as a result of privatisation. As with most privatisation, what appeared to be a short-term benefit has been more than wiped out by longer-term disadvantage.

What Must Change?

So the first change must be to remove the privatisation requirement. It is recognised, of course, that private firms which have succeeded in developing countries have valuable expertise. However, this should be used in the context of public control; control on behalf of indigenous people by leaders democratically elected to represent them. Although it has to be accepted that private firms exist to act in their own interests, as their obligations to shareholders require, they must recognise that their interests are not the priority with grant-aided projects. The most they should expect is a reasonable, commercially calculated, return.

Second, steps must be taken to ensure that a much smaller proportion of aid is devoured by consultants in the donor countries. These consultants are often involved in negotiating the grants: some are paid more for a week's work than an African's annual income. And, too often, the focus is on the trade benefits to the donor nations, rather than on the needs of the recipients.

Unless radical, and urgent, changes are made, the West will continue to lose influence in Africa. Europe and the USA will not be able to compete with China and India, or other emerging powers such as Venezuela, if they persists with trading agreements and arrangements which favour the rich nations.

A New Strategy

In terms of strategy, the most urgent change is to shift the emphasis to job creation; integrated with education and training. For the longer-term, literacy and social and political education is as necessary as training in the skills required by the jobs directly related to the projects. Too often the requirement (in the conditions imposed with the grants) to complete projects in a specified period ignores the issue of permanent benefit.

The key to bringing about real improvement for the poor is to ensure that investment is used to release the resources that the countries already have. The most important resource is the expertise that people have acquired from their life experiences. Millions of Africans have to be entrepreneurs to make enough money merely to survive: many who fail in this respect are no longer of this world.

Those who are still with us have gained valuable knowledge about the obstacles to success in their environments - and have devised strategies to overcome them. It is the habit of the West to seek to impose its own structures, rather than support the recipient countries' own organisations. A typical example was when Blair set up his African Commission, instead of supporting an African initiative: the recently formed New Partnership for Africa's Development.

Another valuable resource is, of course, the fund of knowledge accumulated by businesses which have figured out how to succeed in difficult trading circumstances. In being able to turn a profit, such enterprises have acquired valuable insights into the varying operation of markets in different countries.

Although private companies are entitled to a reasonable return for their contributions to projects, they must recognise that the projects are not run for their benefit. Thee needs of the recipients are paramount but, as the Chinese have recognised, benefits flow without the imposition of strict conditions.

In other words the focus must be on the longer-term benefits which can occur only with the involvement, on an equal basis, of the people themselves. Providing the approach is to integrate education and training with economic development, this can lead to the evolution of processes for democratic participation.

Ending Waste and Corruption

These changes would make a major contribution to ending waste and corruption. Although these are usually highlighted as problems in developing countries, they apply at least as much to agents operating on behalf of the donors. In how many cases have individuals and businesses from the donor countries become more prosperous as a result of their involvement, but have left the recipient countries poorer?

Paul Wolfowitz, the leader of the World Bank who is no longer with us, identified tackling corruption as his priority. His demise resulted from focusing on corruption in the developing world, while ignoring it closer, much closer, to home. From his words and actions, it could be concluded that he believed that the same standards should not be applied to the rich in the West as to the poor in developing countries.

The assumption in the West that the main, or in some circles entire, problem is with the developing countries is not sustainable. This is not to argue that they do not have problems of corruption, but to quote John Christenson (The Guardian 30/5/07): 'For each dollar of aid that goes into Africa, at least Five dollars flows out under the table.'

Keith Wymer

June 2007

About the Author

40 years experience in further education

manager of international projects in many countries, including USA, Russia,Denmark, South Africa.

campaigner for equality and democracy and against racism